A disinfectant is a chemical agent that is used to kill or inactivate harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Disinfectants are typically used to clean and sanitize surfaces, objects, and other materials, and they are often used in settings where hygiene is of critical importance, such as hospitals, laboratories, and food processing plants.

Disinfectants are classified according to their effectiveness at killing different types of microorganisms. Some disinfectants are broad-spectrum, meaning that they are effective against a wide range of microorganisms, while others are more specialized and are effective against only a specific type of microorganism.

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There are many different types of disinfectants available, including alcohols, chlorine-based compounds, quaternary ammonium compounds, and peroxides. Each type of disinfectant has its own specific properties and is effective against different types of microorganisms. It is important to use the correct disinfectant for the intended application and to follow the manufacturer's instructions for use to ensure safety and effectiveness.